Abstract: It is an important development task for Hubei Province to drive regional innovation development by building Wuhan into a national science and technology innovation center. A comprehensive study of innovation development at county level in Hubei can provide important reference for innovation construction. This article focuses on county innovation, taking patent spatio-temporal data, innovation subject spatial data and county dominant industry data as data sources, discovers the innovation evolution law and innovation spatial distribution pattern in Hubei Province, and defines the county innovation development into three stages. The results show that there is a significant diffusion trend in the evolution of innovation at county level in Hubei Province. In terms of the spatial pattern of innovation at county level in Hubei Province, there are significant differences between the innovation pattern of Wuhan-Shiyan corridor and that of the Yangtze River corridor. The Wuhan-Shiyan corridor forms the innovation function division of 'city innovating and county transforming', while the Yangtze River corridor forms the spatial pattern of 'agglomeration along the river and regional joint innovating'. In terms of the stage of county innovation development in Hubei Province, county innovation can be divided into three stages, which are the initial stage, the growing stage, and the superiority established stage. Finally, suggestions on monitoring and research of county innovation development in Hubei Province are given.